A relação entre formação médica e atenção primária: a percepção de gestores, profissionais e usuários do serviço de saúde

Abstract

Introduction: the interface between health and education is essential for medical training and, as a result, educational institutions are adapting their curricula in order to insert the student in the health services from the first periods of the course. The implementation of the National Curriculum Guidelines (DCN) which value the public health system as the main setting for medical training and the community-based on education that makes teaching- service interaction and the design of a curriculum geared to the population's health that needs imperative. Understanding the perception of different actors and those in the teaching-service interaction is essential for the proper planning and execution of the activities provided from the medical curriculum. Objective: analyzing the relationship between the medical education and the primary health care in the perception of service managers, professionals and users. Methodology: It is a qualitative study with a phenomenological approach, carried out through individual semi-structured interviews in the basic health units with six doctors, six nurses/managers and six users. The director of the health care and the coordinator of the primary health care who works in a municipality in the North of Minas Gerais who was also interviewed. Data analysis was performed by using the technique of analyzing content based on thematic categorization. Results: the teaching-service-community interaction is shown as an important strategy to achieve the changes pointed out by the DCN in the training of medical professionals who meet social needs. local health and include the participation of people from the community, family health teams and the university itself in all its stages. It was unanimous in the perception of the interviewees, in relation to the necessary characteristics which define the profile of the professional, training based on humanization, respect for ethics, applying for empathy to create concrete conditions for the training of physicians capable of comprehensive care, in all levels of attention. For managers and professionals, the inclusion of students in the health services from the beginning of the course is relevant, since the experience in primary care allows for a holistic analysis of the health of individuals, families and communities, in addition to making them more resilient. For the users, the inclusion of students in the fields of practice allows for more effective communication and approximation with the team, a more welcoming service with ethical and social responsibility, with an interest in resolving the patient's complaint.Conclusion: It is checked out that there is a need to institutionalize the teaching-service-community interaction, as well as the enhancement of initiatives that streamline and make teaching more flexible in multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary activities, so that there is the involvement of all actors - teachers, students , health professionals, users and managers, as well as the commitment of all institutions involved in modifying medical training and transforming health care processes.