Aquisição e retenção de conhecimentos e habilidades em bases da técnica cirúrgica por estudantes de Medicina

Abstract

The general medical practitioner needs to have essential surgical skills to perform minor surgical procedures. These competencies need to be acquired throughout the undergraduate course, and the medical school curriculum must opportunize them. Objective: This study aims to verify the acquisition and retention of knowledge and skills on Bases of Surgical Technique by medical students throughout a medical course. Methodology: This is a longitudinal and quasi-experimental study in Phase 1 and transversal and observational in Phase 2 in medical education carried out with the participation of students from UNIFENAS medical school, Campus Alfenas, distributed between 6th, 7th, 9th and 11th periods of the course, which verified the acquisition and retention of knowledge and skills in Bases of Surgical Techniques provided throughout the curriculum. The participants were submitted to theoretical and practical tests before and after the curricular activity of surgery of these periods. Results: The general performance of the participants in the tests, theoretical and practical, reveals a relevant acquisition of knowledge and surgical skills in students of the 6th period after completion Bases of Surgical Technique discipline (BST) (p <0.001). However, the retention of this knowledge and skills suffers a progressive decrease, reaching its nadir 18 months after the acquisition (p <0.001), with a slight recovery in the stages of Surgical Clinic I and II, where the greater exposure to the practical activities in these stages seemed to favor the recovery of practical skills, although they did not return to the level of the acquisition, in the 6th period, but the same did not happen with the knowledge.Conclusion: 1. The BST discipline, offered in the 6th period of UNIFENAS medical course, Alfenas campus, allows an adequate acquisition of knowledge and skills in surgical techniques to students. 2. There is a progressive decrease in the performance of students in surgical techniques throughout the 6th and 9th periods, with a slight recovery in the 11th period of the course.3. The retention of knowledge and skills in surgical techniques by medical students throughout the course reaches its nadir at 18 months. 4. The stages of Surgical Clinic I and II favor the recovery of skills in surgical techniques rather than knowledge.