Mensuração de parâmetros ambientais em galpão avícola utilizando um equipamento desenvolvido com o conceito de ''internet das coisas''

Abstract

The Brazilian poultry farming is an activity in constant evolution. There is a growing concern in the industry to ensure conditions that increase the welfare of birds. In this sense, the environmental conditions of the breeding sheds need to be considered, highlighting the temperature, relative humidity and concentration of ammonia in the air, besides the luminosity. These environmental parameters in chicken farms are manually measured using commercially available equipment. However, in addition to the need for an person to be present in the shed to carry out the measurement, such equipment has a relatively high cost. Therefore, hardware and software were designed to monitor such environmental parameters at low cost. The sensors were selected considering their cost and the detection range. The DHT22 sensor was used to record the temperature and relative humidity of the air, being able to measure temperatures between -40 and 80 ° C and relative humidity between 0 and 100%. The concentration of ammonia in the air was measured by the electrochemical sensor MQ-137, which has detection range between 5 and 200 ppm. For light monitoring, the LDR (light dependent resistor) sensor, which is a variable resistor controlled by light, was used. The assembled device has an Central Processing Unit (CPU) based on Wemos Mini D1 with ESP-8266EX chipset with 2.4 Ghz standard wifi connectivity. The CPU performs the reading of the three sensors used with a 5-volt power supply. After reading, the data is stored in the CPU and transmitted to the internet or computer through the wireless network. After a validation experiment in the field and in the laboratory, the results were used for the proper comparisons between the proposed device and the conventional equipment. A high correlation (R²) was observed between the data provided by the device and the conventional equipment for parameters temperature, relative humidity and luminosity. Regarding the determination of the ammonia content in the air, it was observed that there is more similarity in the detected values in lower concentrations of ammonia. The device get high connectivity on network tested. The cost of the equipment used to assemble the device represented only 12.66% of the market price of commercially sold equipment for the same purpose. It is concluded, therefore, that besides the high efficiency in the registry of the environmental parameters and speed in the data transmission, the proposed device represents a low-cost alternative for the monitoring of temperature, relative humidity, luminosity and air ammonia concentration.