Inventário de Emissão de Gases de Efeito Estufa na Cultura do Cafeeiro

Abstract

There is a great concern about environmental issues, in particular as regards the possibility of occurring changes in climate in the coming years. The scenarios designed of change are directly linked to the continuity of greenhouse gases emission. The modern coffee-growing requires the rational and sustainable use of natural resources and agricultural inputs, being essential to adopt environmentally friendly practices in the realization of cultural practices and conduct of the entire production process. The objective of this study is to inventory the sources and estimating emissions of greenhouse gases in the coffee production process, considering the direct and indirect emissions of the process. The inventory was performed using parameters of the GHG Protocol, Ministry of Science and Technology and the IPCC data. The inventory showed that the main greenhouse gas generated in the coffee corresponded to 2.13 tCO2eq h-1, and the consumption of nitrogen fertilizer (47.5%) and the use of agricultural rectification (30.8%) were the sources of greater contribution for these emissions, followed by the consumption of diesel oil. To carry out the planting operations, annual cultivation and harvest in mechanized coffee culture were issued 465.26 kg CO2 eq ha -1, and the planting were issued 242.58 kg CO2 eq ha -1, accounting for 52.14% of total emissions. The operations carried out in mechanized harvesting, issued 124.3 kg CO2 eq ha-1 contributing 26.72% of total emissions and representing 55.82% of the total issued in operations carried out in the annual cultivation.