http://tede2.unifenas.br:8080/jspui/handle/jspui/264 2026-04-15T17:34:50Z http://tede2.unifenas.br:8080/jspui/handle/jspui/297 Título: PERFIL DOS PRODUTORES E CARACTERIZAÇÃO DE FRUTOS DE PITAIA VERMELHA PRODUZIDOS NO SUL DE MINAS GERAIS Autor: SERAFIM, U. Primeiro orientador: SILVA, A.B. Abstract: The objective was to carry out a survey on the profile of the producers of pitaia and the physical-chemical characterization of the fruit of pitaia (Hylocereus costaricensis) in the south of Minas Gerais. For the characterization of the fruits, the samples of pitaias were collected in March 2020 in an orchard approximately 3.5 years old and planted in the 3 x 2 m spacing in the region of the city of Divisa Nova - MG. The following characteristics were evaluated: fruit length and diameter, fresh weight, number of fruits per plant, productivity, moisture, carbohydrates, ash, caloric value, quantification of lipids, proteins, minerals, vitamins, phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity. It was found that pitaia fruits had an average diameter of 83 mm and a mass of 422 g, with high humidity (85.5%), low carbohydrate content (9.9 g 100 g-1) and energy value (50 kcal 100 g-1). The fruits showed high levels of phenolic components and high antioxidant activity, and potassium was the main mineral component found in the pulp of pitaia fruits and vitamin C contents were not detected. The fruits showed high levels of phenolic components and high antioxidant activity. For the evaluation of the producers of pitaia, exploratory research and the application of structured questionnaires to the producers were used. Regarding the profile of producers, it was observed that most of the producers of pitaia (71%) are classified as small producers and family farmers. The age group of 64% of producers is up to 40 years old, with a high level of education and instruction by Brazilian standards. With regard to property, 88.2% are owners and residents together with their families. The main means of training and information are: internet (61%), television (14%) and technical assistance and magazine (7%). For 92.3% of the interviewed producers, their entry into the pitaia branch was aimed at diversifying activities and increasing income. For commercialization (19%) it makes use of direct sales (door-to-door), (19%) supermarket chain, (16%) CEASAS and (13%) open market. When asked about the need for information, (25%) believed that they felt the need for information and technical assistance related to cultivation techniques and the management and control of pests and diseases, (18%) about the means of marketing their products, (14%) soil analysis and fertilization and (10%) on the management of your business. It concludes that the dragon fruit producers need more media, from production to the marketing of products. As for the fruit of the red pitaya, they should be consumed in a balanced diet, and can contribute positively to a healthy diet. Instituição: Universidade José do Rosário Vellano Tipo do documento: Tese 2020-07-22T00:00:00Z http://tede2.unifenas.br:8080/jspui/handle/jspui/280 Título: Exposição a vibrações ocupacionais de mãos e braços no uso de equipamentos mecânicos portáteis na cultura do cafeeiro Autor: OLIVEIRA JUNIOR, G. G. Primeiro orientador: SILVA, ADRIANO BORTOLOTTI DA Abstract: Coffee is one of the most important agricultural crops in the country and over time has been undergoing significant changes, especially regarding the mechanization and semi-mechanization process of handling. In the Southern of Minas Gerais, the use of portable mechanical equipment for mowing and harvesting coffee crop has intensified. The use of this equipment may expose occupationally workers to localized vibrations by transferring the mechanical vibrations from the tool to the operator’s hands and arms. Given the above, this study aimed to quantify the levels of hands and arms vibration that brushcutters and trimmers operators are exposed in coffee crop. This study was developed at the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Southern Minas Gerais (IFSULDEMINAS), Campus Muzambinho - MG. Multifunctional equipment called brushcutters and trimmers machines were evaluated under usual and routine working conditions in the coffee crop. Data acquisition was performed using the SV 103, Svantek vibration meter with triaxial (“x”, “y” and “z”) transducers (accelerometers) installed directly on each worker’s hands at the tool contact point. The collected data were processed in Svantec Supervisor 1.12 software. Results showed that for all conditions of the present study the action level of 2.5 ms-2 was exceeded. The resulting acceleration of the brushcutter equipment with Dual Grip handlebar (DGH) was 37.45% on average lower than the equipment operation with circular cable (CC). The highest vibration levels were quantified during the operation of the trimmer equipment, exceeding the exposure limit of 5 ms-2 for all conditions evaluated, which is the limit allowed for an 8-hour working day according to the standards. (Regulatory Standard - NR 15 and Occupational Hygiene Standard - NHO 10) and the criteria of the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH). Instituição: Universidade José do Rosário Vellano Tipo do documento: Tese 2019-08-30T00:00:00Z http://tede2.unifenas.br:8080/jspui/handle/jspui/279 Título: Alterações metabólicas induzidas pelo silício em plantas de pimentão cultivadas sob estresse salino Autor: Dias, Márcio de Souza Primeiro orientador: Marques, D.J. Abstract: The objective of this research was to investigate alternatives to mitigate the effects of soil salinity on sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.), by evaluating production factors and gas exchange. Two experiments were conducted in the Olericulture and Experimentation sector of the Department of Agronomy of the University of José do Rosario Vellano (Unifenas), Alfenas, MG. Magali R pepper cultivar was used, whose seedlings were produced in trays and transplanted after 35 days, where each pot (19 dm3) received a plant. The experiments were arranged in a randomized block design in a factorial scheme with five replications each, the first 2 × 5 (two corrective sources: limestone and calcium silicate) and five increasing doses of KCl (150, 300, 450, 600 and 700 kg ha-1 of K2O), where were evaluated the electrical conductivity (EC), silicon content (Si) in the soil and plant (leaf), liquid photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, intercellular concentration of CO2, transpiration, efficiency water use and instantaneous carboxylation, besides fruit production, fruit mass, length and diameter and plant height. The second experiment 2 x 2 (two sources of concealer: limestone and calcium silicate) and two doses of KCl (control: equivalent to 150 kg ha-1 and salt stress 700 kg ha-1 K2O) where the EC were evaluated, Si translocation in the plant, water use efficiency and instantaneous carboxylation and stress index. The results found in the different evaluations were submitted to variance analysis. To evaluate the means, the Scott-Knott (first experiment) and Tukey (second experiment) tests were applied. Standard deviations were calculated and correlation estimators (Pearson) were applied using SISVAR software. It was concluded that the 300 kg ha-1 K2O dose, in the presence of calcium silicate, provided the highest Si translocation, the best results for the electrical conductivity of 2,76 dS m-1, Si content in the soil. of 5,70 mg kg-1, 14% Si leaf content, improving photosynthetic rates and transpiration, increasing water use efficiency, instantaneous carboxylation efficiency and fruit yield, reducing stress index. Increasing salinity reduced fruit yield in the presence and absence of Si. Instituição: Universidade José do Rosário Vellano Tipo do documento: Tese 2019-09-02T00:00:00Z http://tede2.unifenas.br:8080/jspui/handle/jspui/266 Título: Influence of the application of silicon on the physiological and biometric characterists of maize cultivars under water stress Autor: Bianchini, Hudson Carvalho Primeiro orientador: Bianchini, Flávio Gabriel Abstract: Maize is a crop known to be highly sensitive to water stress. When water becomes a limiting factor, the water potential and the water content of the plants are substantially reduced. Under these conditions, exogenous application of Si can substantially improve water use efficiency, photosynthetic rate and yield in maize plants. The objective of this work was to evaluate calcium silicate efficiency as a water stress reducer in two maize cultivars. Two experiments were conducted, the first using cv. BR-1010, (sensitive to water stress) and the second using cv. DKB-390 (tolerant to water stress). The experiments were organized in a completely randomized design, in four replicates, with two doses of calcium silicate: 0 % (absence) and 100 % (presence) of calcium silicate indicated in the calculation of soil liming, and two irrigation blades: 30 and 100 % water replacement, determined according to the soil water retention curve, in four replicates. In each experiment, the parameters evaluated were gas exchange, net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, putrescine content, leaf contentes of Ca, K, Zn and Fe quantification by neutron activation, dry matter production on leaves and stem, weight of 1000 seeds and crop yield. It was concluded that two maize cultivars studied, cv. BRS-1010 (water stress sensitive) and DKB-390 (water stress tolerant) showed higher dry matter production on leaves and stem, higher weight of 100 seeds and higher crop yield in the presence of calcium silicate. The content of putrescina increased in plants submitted to water restriction. The leaf contents of Ca, K, Zn and Fe varied according to the cultivars and water blade studied. Calcium silicate favored a greater efficiency in the use of water under conditions of low water availability, using 30 % irrigation blade. In cv. DKB 390, the application of calcium silicate favored an increase in the net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance. Instituição: Universidade José do Rosário Vellano Tipo do documento: Tese 2019-06-14T00:00:00Z